Commonly used turnouts are divided into single turnout, symmetrical turnout, double cross-point turnout and cross-degree line. Turnouts are special track equipment laid on turnout sleepers, which not only affects the operation of trains, but also has a shorter service life than other equipment, and requires a lot of maintenance and repair work on site. The switch is composed of a pair of tip rails, a pair of basic rails, a switch device and some connecting parts. The switch device, also known as the switch, is composed of a gate seat, a switch indicator, a pull rod, a turning rod, etc., to operate the left and right swing of the rail and change the opening direction of the switch. The turnout is arranged at the intersection of the rail of the side line of the turnout and the rail of the main line, and the guard rails are arranged on both sides of the turnout. A single turnout is a basic setting for branching a track into two or more tracks, so that rolling stock can be transferred from one line to another. The switch number is represented by the frog number. The intersection angle of the working sides on both sides of the fork center is called the frog angle, and the cotangent of the frog angle is called the frog number.
The frog is composed of a wing rail and a fork center. The wing rail is the two bent steel rails next to the fork center, which is a transition device for the wheels to enter and exit the fork center. The intersection angle between the two working sides of the fork is called the frog angle, and the cotangent of the frog angle is called the frog number. The function of the connecting part is to connect the switch and the switch. It has two parts: straight strands and curved strands. The straight strands are the same as ordinary straight lines, and the curved strands are generally circular curves, also called guide curves. So why should guard rails be designed for ordinary sleepers, because there is harmful space in the turnout, and the harmful space of anti-corrosion sleepers is the space between the narrow part of the two wing rails and the prongs of the frog core when the wheel passes through the frog. A gap, harmful space may cause the wheel to derail, so the guard rail is very necessary, because he wants to control and guide the wheel on the correct path. The components on the turnout are indispensable, and the turnout has also become a very important part of the driving.